Plato

 

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Plato (English pronunciation: /ˈpleɪtoʊ/; Greek: Πλάτων, Plátōn, "broad"[2]; 428/427 BC[a] – 348/347 BC), was a Classical Greek philosopher, mathematician, writer of philosophical dialogues, and founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. Along with his mentor, Socrates, and his student, Aristotle, Plato helped to lay the foundations of Western philosophy and science.[3] Plato was originally a student of Socrates, and was as much influenced by his thinking as by his apparently unjust execution.

Plato's sophistication as a writer is evident in his Socratic dialogues; thirty-six dialogues and thirteen letters have been ascribed to him. Plato's writings have been published in several fashions; this has led to several conventions regarding the naming and referencing of Plato's texts.

Plato's dialogues have been used to teach a range of subjects, including philosophy, logic, rhetoric and mathematics.

 

 

Bibliography

 

Plato's Theory of Knowledge:

The Theaetetus and the Sophist of Plato

Translated, with commentary

by Francis M. Cornford, 1934/57

 

The Portable PLATO

Edited, and with An Illuminating Discussion

of the Platonic Dialogues,

by Scott Buchannan, 1948/73

 

Plato:

The Collected Dialogues including the Letters

Edited by Edith Hamilton and Huntington Cairns, 1961

 

The Euthyphro, Charmides, Laches, and the Greater Hippias

the inquiry concerns the class, the Idea. The questions asked are,

What is piety? What is Temperance? What is courage? What is beauty?

(TCD Introduction)

 

Plato Dictionary

Edited by Morris Stockhammer, 1963

 

The Mind of Plato

by A. E. Taylor, 1964

 

Great Thinkers on Plato

Edited and selected by Barry Gross, 1968

 

Plato's Analytic Method

by Kenneth M. Sayre, 1969

 

Plato I:

Metaphysics and Epistemology,

A Collection of Critical Essays

 Edited by Gregory Vlastos, 1971

 

Plato II:

Ethics, Politics, Philosophy of Art and Religion,

 A Collection of Critical Essays

 Edited by Gregory Vlastos, 1971

 

The Being Of The Beautiful

Plato's Theaetetus, Sophist, and Statesman

Translated and with Commentary by Seth Benardete, 1984

 

Socrates' Second Sailing

On Plato's Republic

By Seth Benardete, 1989

 

"When the winds fail, the sailor turns to oars.

He relies on longer on any help outside himself. Socrates philosophy, as we know it from Plato, is the practice of this so-called second sailing." Page 2.

"Symbolism is shorthand for an argument. The Republic begins as a story of a thwarted ascent. Socreates is its narrrator. It seems to be a matter of chance that Socrates was thwarted and took the occasion to discuss justice." Page 9.

 

 

The Republic of Plato

 

 

The Republic of Plato

 Translated, with Notes, An Interpretive Essay,

and a New Introduction

by Allan Bloom, 1991

 

Plato's Ethics

by Terence Irwin, 1995

 

Plato Republic

 Translated from the New Standard Greek Text,

with Introduction

by C. D. C. Reeve, 2004

 

The Death of Socrates

By Emily Wilson, 2007

 

Plato's Philosophers

The Coherence of The Dialogues

by Catherine H. Zuchert, 2009

 

Plato's Republic

A Dialogue in 16 Chapters

by Alain Badiou

Translated by Susan Spitzer and

Introduction by Kenneth Reinhard, 2012

 

THE MUSICAL STRUCTURE OF

PLATO'S DIALOGUES

by J. B. Kennedy,

 

 

 

Greek Studies

 

The Latin word for mercy, misericordia, comes from "heart" and means

"to give heart to those who are miserable."

 

From Religion to Philosophy:

A Study in the Origins of Western Speculation

by F. M. Cornford, 1912/57

 

 The Greek Way

by Edith Hamilton, 1930

 

Mythology

by Edith Hamilton, 1942

 

The Echo of Greece

by Edith Hamilton, 1957

 

 

Before and After Socrates

by F. M. Cornford, 1932/66

 

Before Philosophy:

The Intellectual Adventure of Ancient Man

An Essay on Speculative Thought in the Near East

by H. and H. A. Frankfort, John A. Wilson

and Thorkild Jacobsen, 1946/72

 

The Classical Tradition:

Greek and Roman Influences on Western Literature

by Gilbert Highet, 1949/76

 

The Greeks and their Gods

by W. K. C. Guthrie, 1950

 

The Greeks and The Irrational

By E. R. Dodds, 1950

 

Daily Life in Greece

At the Time of Pericles

by Robert Flaceliere, 1956/1996

 

Philosophical Greek:

An Introduction

by Francis H. Fobes, 1957/73

 

The Discovery of the Mind

in Greek Philosophy and Literature

By Bruno Snell, 1958/1982

 

Table of Contents

 

1. Homer's View of Man

2. The Olympian Gods

3. The Rise of the Individual

4. Pindar's Hymn to Zeus

5. Myth and Reality in Greek Tragedy

6. Aristophanes and Aesthetic Criticism

7. Human Knowledge and Divine Knowledge ...

8. The Call to Virture: A Brief Chapter from Greek Ethics

9. From Myth to Logic: The Role of the Comparison

10. The Origin of Scientific Thought

11. The Discovery of Humanitas, ...

12. Art and Play in Callimachus

13. Arcadia: The Discovery of a Spiritual Landscape

 

The Presocratics

Edited by Philip Wheelwright, 1966

 

Greek Realities:

Life and thought in Ancient Greece

by Finley Hooper, 1967

 

The Masters of Truth in Archaic Greece

By Marcel Detienne

Translated by Janet Lloyd, 1967/1996

 

Greek-English Lexicon

Abridged from

Liddell and Scott's Greek-English Lexicon, 1972

 

Art and Experience in Classical Greece

by J. J. Pollitt, 1972/89

 

The Parthenon

Edited by Vincent J. Bruno, 1974/96

Norton Critical Studies in Art History

 

Greek Religion

by Walter Burkert, 1977/85

 

Lost Goddesses of Early Greece

A Collection of Pre-Hellenic Myths

by Charlene Spretnak, 1978

 

A History of Greek Philosophy: Volume 1

The Earlier Presocratics and the Pythagoreans

by W. K. C. Guthrie, 1979

 

A History of Greek Philosophy: Volume 2

The Presocratic Tradition from Parmenides to Democritus

by W. K. C. Guthrie, 1979

 

Atlas of the Greek World

By Peter Levi, 1984

 

The Trial of Socrates

by I. F. Stone, 1989

 

A Traveller's History of Greece

by Timothy Boatswain and Colin Nicolson, 1989

 

Philosophy Before Socrates

An Introduction with Texts and Commentary

by Richard D. McKirahan, 1994/2011

 

The Art of Living:

The Classical Manual on Virtue,

Happiness, and Effectiveness

by Epictetus 

A New Interpretation by Sharon Lebell, 1994

 

Tha Greeks and Greek Civilization

Edited by Oswyn Murray

Translated by Shelia Stern, 1998

 

The Presocratics after Heidegger

Edited by David C. Jacobs, 1999

 

Fragments

The Collected Wisdom of Heraclitus

Translated by Brooks Haxton

With a Forward by James Hillman, 2001

 

The Cynic Philosophers:

From Diogenes to Julian

Translated and edited by

Robert Dobbin, 2012

 

 

 

The Republic of Plato

Contents

 

PART I

 (Book I). Some Current Views Of Justice

Chap. I (i. 327-331d). Cephalus. Justice as Honesty in word and deed

II (331e-336 a). Polemarchus. Justice as Helping Friends and Harming Enemies

III (336 b-347 e). Thrasymachus. Justice as the Interest of the Stronger

IV (347 e-354 c). Thrasymachus. Is Injustice more profitable than Justice?

 

Part II

 (Books II-IV, 445 b). Justice in the State and in the Individual

V (ii. 357 a-367 e). The Problem stated

VI (367 e-372 a). The Rudiments of Social Organization

VII (372 a-374 e). The Luxurious State

VIII (375 a-376 e). The Guardians’ Temperament

IX (376 e-iii. 412 b). Primary Education of the Guardians

1 (376 e-iii. 392 c) Censorship of Literature for School Use

2 (392 c-398 b). The Influence of Dramatic Recitation

3 (398 c-400 c). Musical Accompaniment and Metre

4 (400 c-403 c). The Aim of Education in Poetry and Music

5 (403 c-412 b). Physical Training. Physicians and Judges

X (412 b-iv. 421 c) Selection of Rulers: The Guardians’ Manner of Living

XI (421c-427 c). The Guardians’ Duties

XII (427 c-434 d). The Virtues of the State

XIII (434 d-441 c). The Three Parts of the Soul

XIV (441 c-445 b). The Virtues of the Individual

 

Part II

 (Book IV, 445 b-v, 471 c). The position of Women and the Usages of War

XV (445 b-457 b). The Equality of Women

XVI (457 b-466 d). Abolition of the Family for the Guardians

XVII (466 d-471 c). Usages of War

 

Part III

 (Book V, 471c-VII). The Philosopher King

XVIII (471c-474 b). The Paradox: Philosophers must be Kings

XIX (474b-480). Definition of the Philosopher. The Two Worlds

XX (vi.. 484 a-487 a). The Philosophers fitness to Rule

XXI(487 b-497 a). Why the Philosophic Nature is useless or corrupted in existing society

XXII (497 a-502 c). A Philosophic Ruler is not an Impossibility

XXIII (502 c-509 c). The Good as the Highest Object of Knowledge

XXIV (509 d-511 e). Four Stages of Cognition. The Line

XXV (vii. 514 a-521 b). The Allegory of the Cave

XXVI (521 c-531 c). Higher Education. Mathematics

1 (524 d-526c). Arithmetic

2 (526 c-527 c). Geometry

3 (527 d-528 e). Solid Geometry

4(528 e-530 c). Astronomy

5 (530 c-531 c). Harmonics

XXVII (531 c-535 a). Dialectic

XXVIII (535 a-541 b). Programme of Studies

 

Part IV

 (Books VIII-IX). The Decline of Society and of The Soul.

Comparison of the Just and Unjust Lives

XXIX (viii. 543 a-550 c). The Fall of the Ideal State.

Timocracy and the Timocratic Man

XXX (550 c-555 b). Oligarchy (Plutocracy) and the Oligarchic Man

XXXI (555 b-562 a). Democracy and the Democratic Man

XXXII (562 a-ix. 576b) Despotism and the Despotic Man

XXXIII (576 b-588 a). The Just and Unjust Lives compared in respect of Happiness

XXXIV (588 b-592 b). Justice, not Injustice, is profitable

 

Part V

 (Book X, 595 a-608 b). The Quarrel Between Philosophy and Poetry

XXXV (x. 595 a-602 b). How Representation in Art is related to Truth

XXXVI (602 c-605 c). Dramatic Poetry appeals to the Emotions not to the Reason

XXXVII (605 c-608 b). The Effect of Dramatic Poetry on Character

 

Part VI

 (Book X, 608 c-end). Immortality and The Rewards of Justice

XXXIII (608 c-612 a). A Proof of Immortality

XXXIX (612 a-613 e). The Rewards of Justice in this Life

XL (613 e-end). The Rewards of Justice after Death. The Myth of Er

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Last Updated: 10/19/22